3,140 research outputs found
Online Influence Maximization (Extended Version)
Social networks are commonly used for marketing purposes. For example, free
samples of a product can be given to a few influential social network users (or
"seed nodes"), with the hope that they will convince their friends to buy it.
One way to formalize marketers' objective is through influence maximization (or
IM), whose goal is to find the best seed nodes to activate under a fixed
budget, so that the number of people who get influenced in the end is
maximized. Recent solutions to IM rely on the influence probability that a user
influences another one. However, this probability information may be
unavailable or incomplete. In this paper, we study IM in the absence of
complete information on influence probability. We call this problem Online
Influence Maximization (OIM) since we learn influence probabilities at the same
time we run influence campaigns. To solve OIM, we propose a multiple-trial
approach, where (1) some seed nodes are selected based on existing influence
information; (2) an influence campaign is started with these seed nodes; and
(3) users' feedback is used to update influence information. We adopt the
Explore-Exploit strategy, which can select seed nodes using either the current
influence probability estimation (exploit), or the confidence bound on the
estimation (explore). Any existing IM algorithm can be used in this framework.
We also develop an incremental algorithm that can significantly reduce the
overhead of handling users' feedback information. Our experiments show that our
solution is more effective than traditional IM methods on the partial
information.Comment: 13 pages. To appear in KDD 2015. Extended versio
Updated insights into 3D architecture electrodes for micropower sources
Microbatteries (MBs) and microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are primary on-chip micropower sources that drive autonomous and stand-alone microelectronic devices for implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, the performance of conventional MBs and MSCs is restricted by their 2D thin-film electrode design, and these devices struggle to satisfy the increasing IoT energy demands for high energy density, high power density, and long lifespan. The energy densities of MBs and MSCs can be improved significantly through adoption of a 2D thick-film electrode design; however, their power densities and lifespans deteriorate with increased electrode thickness. In contrast, 3D architecture electrodes offer remarkable opportunities to simultaneously improve MB and MSC energy density, power density, and lifespan. To date, various 3D architecture electrodes have been designed, fabricated, and investigated for MBs and MSCs. This review provides an update on the principal superiorities of 3D architecture electrodes over 2D thick-film electrodes in the context of improved MB and MSC energy density, power density, and lifespan. In addition, the most recent and representative progress in 3D architecture electrode development for MBs and MSCs is highlighted. Finally, present challenges are discussed and key perspectives for future research in this field are outlined
Alignments of galaxies within cosmic filaments from SDSS DR7
Using a sample of galaxy groups selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7), we examine the alignment between the orientation of
galaxies and their surrounding large scale structure in the context of the
cosmic web. The latter is quantified using the large-scale tidal field,
reconstructed from the data using galaxy groups above a certain mass threshold.
We find that the major axes of galaxies in filaments tend to be preferentially
aligned with the directions of the filaments, while galaxies in sheets have
their major axes preferentially aligned parallel to the plane of the sheets.
The strength of this alignment signal is strongest for red, central galaxies,
and in good agreement with that of dark matter halos in N-body simulations.
This suggests that red, central galaxies are well aligned with their host
halos, in quantitative agreement with previous studies based on the spatial
distribution of satellite galaxies. There is a luminosity and mass dependence
that brighter and more massive galaxies in filaments and sheets have stronger
alignment signals. We also find that the orientation of galaxies is aligned
with the eigenvector associated with the smallest eigenvalue of the tidal
tensor. These observational results indicate that galaxy formation is affected
by large-scale environments, and strongly suggests that galaxies are aligned
with each other over scales comparable to those of sheets and filaments in the
cosmic web.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Spin alignments of spiral galaxies within the large-scale structure from SDSS DR7
Using a sample of spiral galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) and Galaxy Zoo 2 (GZ2), we investigate the alignment
of spin axes of spiral galaxies with their surrounding large scale structure,
which is characterized by the large-scale tidal field reconstructed from the
data using galaxy groups above a certain mass threshold. We find that the spin
axes of only have weak tendency to be aligned with (or perpendicular to) the
intermediate (or minor) axis of the local tidal tensor. The signal is the
strongest in a \cluster environment where all the three eigenvalues of the
local tidal tensor are positive. Compared to the alignments between halo spins
and local tidal field obtained in N-body simulations, the above observational
results are in best agreement with those for the spins of inner regions of
halos, suggesting that the disk material traces the angular momentum of dark
matter halos in the inner regions.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Compromiso con el trabajo y rendimiento en el trabajo: el papel moderador del apoyo organizacional percibido.
The present research was aim to examine whether the relationship between work engagement and objective task performance is moderated by perceived organizational support (POS). Based on the existing literature, perceived organizational support is hypothesized to strengthen the positive association between employees’ work engagement and their objective task performance. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 1049 employees. Results of hierarchical regression analysis show that: (1) work engagement is positively related to objective task performance, and (2) the relationship between work engagement and objective task performance is moderated by POS, such that the positive relationship is more significant when POS higher than lower. In the end, theoretical and practical implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.La presente investigación tuvo el objetivo de examinar si la relación entre compromiso con el trabajo y el rendimiento en los objetivos de las tareas está moderada por el apoyo perceptivo de la organización (APO). En base a la literatura existente, el apoyo percibido de la organización se hipotetiza que fortalece la asociación positiva entre el compromiso laboral de los empleados y su rendimiento en los objetivos de las tareas. Las hipótesis fueron comprobadas en una muestra de 1049 empleados. Los resultados del análisis de regresión jerárquico muestran que: (1) el compromiso en el trabajo está positivamente relacionado con el rendimiento en los objetivos de las tareas, y (2) la relación entre compromiso en el trabajo y el rendimiento en los objetivos de las tareas está moderado por el APO, de modo que la relación positiva es más significativa cuando el APO es mayor. Al final se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas, y las sugerencias para futuras investigaciones
iTag: Incentive-Based Tagging
In social tagging systems, such as Delicious1 and Flickr2, users are allowed to annotate resources (e.g., Web URLs and images) with textual descriptions called tags. Tags have proven to be invaluable building blocks in algorithms for searching, mining and recommending resources. In practice, however, not all resources receive the same attention from users, and as a result, most tags are added to the few highly-popular resources, while most of the resources receive few tags. Crucially, this incomplete tagging on resources can severely affect the effectiveness of all tagging applications. We present iTag, an incentive-based tagging system, which aims at improving tagging quality of resources, by incentivizing taggers under budget constraints. Our system is built upon traditional crowdsourcing systems such as Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). In our demonstration, we will show how our system allows users to use simple but powerful strategies to significantly improve the tagging quality of resources.published_or_final_versio
Terrain Diffusion Network: Climatic-Aware Terrain Generation with Geological Sketch Guidance
Sketch-based terrain generation seeks to create realistic landscapes for
virtual environments in various applications such as computer games, animation
and virtual reality. Recently, deep learning based terrain generation has
emerged, notably the ones based on generative adversarial networks (GAN).
However, these methods often struggle to fulfill the requirements of flexible
user control and maintain generative diversity for realistic terrain.
Therefore, we propose a novel diffusion-based method, namely terrain diffusion
network (TDN), which actively incorporates user guidance for enhanced
controllability, taking into account terrain features like rivers, ridges,
basins, and peaks. Instead of adhering to a conventional monolithic denoising
process, which often compromises the fidelity of terrain details or the
alignment with user control, a multi-level denoising scheme is proposed to
generate more realistic terrains by taking into account fine-grained details,
particularly those related to climatic patterns influenced by erosion and
tectonic activities. Specifically, three terrain synthesisers are designed for
structural, intermediate, and fine-grained level denoising purposes, which
allow each synthesiser concentrate on a distinct terrain aspect. Moreover, to
maximise the efficiency of our TDN, we further introduce terrain and sketch
latent spaces for the synthesizers with pre-trained terrain autoencoders.
Comprehensive experiments on a new dataset constructed from NASA Topology
Images clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method, achieving
the state-of-the-art performance. Our code and dataset will be publicly
available
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